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Want this question answered? 10, Downing Street, circa 1754. Albemarle is the first treasury minister to have lived in what became the home of the First Lord of the Treasury and Prime Minister. Extensive reconstruction again had to be undertaken in the late 1960s to resolve these problems. Begun in 1825 and completed in 1826 at a cost of 2,000, the result is a spacious room with oak panelling and reeded mouldings. It is the official residence of the Prime Minister: it is . The town house, from which the modern building gets its name, was one of several built by George Downing between 1682 and 1684. About half belong to the Government Art Collection. The terrace, extending across the back, provides a full view of St James's Park. First Lord of the Treasury - GOV.UK He was Chief Secretary to the Treasury from 24 . Apart from living quarters and offices, the complex includes state drawing rooms and dining rooms for hosting dignitaries and other guests, as well as a room where the cabinet regularly meets. Premierminister Grobritanniens - Englisch Lernen Online Getty Images. 1. After more careful studies were completed, it was concluded that the "total cost was likely to be 1,250,000" and would take two years to complete. Canada's Official Residences - National Capital Commission - NCC-CCN [78], When builders examined the exterior faade, they discovered that the black colour visible even in photographs from the mid-19th century was misleading; the bricks were actually yellow. Since 1989, entering Downing Street has required passing through a security checkpoint. Der Titel eines Premierministers entwickelte sich allmhlich aus der Machtflle, die mit anderen mtern in der Regierung des Knigreichs Grobritannien einherging. The table is surrounded by carved, solid mahogany chairs that also date from the Gladstone era. [131][145] (See North elevation of Number 10 with steps leading to the garden[146])[147] The terrace and garden have provided a casual setting for many gatherings of First Lords with foreign dignitaries, Cabinet ministers, guests, and staff. [65] This picture, too, became famous especially in India. Tony Blair entertained the England Rugby Union team in the Pillared Room after they won the World Cup in 2003. A new foundation with deep pilings would be laid and the original buildings reassembled on top of it, allowing for much needed expansion and modernisation. [34], The rebuilding took three years. Press office: responsible for relations with the media, Research and information unit: provides factual information to No. Lister served as acting chief of staff, but was replaced by Dan Rosenfield, who officially assumed the role in January 2021. One of the largest rooms was a study measuring forty feet by twenty with enormous windows overlooking St James's Park. Two years later in 1690, William III and Mary II gave the "House at the Back" to Hendrik van Nassau-Ouwerkerk, a Dutch general who had assisted in securing the Crown for the Prince of Orange. Churchill called his secretaries the "garden girls" because their offices overlook the garden. . [8], Straightforward as the investment seemed, it proved otherwise. One theory is that this is in fact a capital 'O' as found in the Roman's Trajan alphabet that was used by the Ministry of Works at the time. "Johnson promises No 10 shake-up after Gray finds failures", "No10 team bolstered to deliver the people's priorities", "No 10 admits using false names on letters to the public", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=10_Downing_Street&oldid=1170997414, Downing Street Permanent Secretary and Chief Operating Officer, Downing Street Director of Legislative Affairs. Since 1990 when the Terry reconstruction was completed, repairing, redecorating, remodelling, and updating the house has been ongoing as needed. The main section had no visible supports. Many rooms and sections of the new building were reconstructed exactly as they were in the old Number 10. Colloquially known as Number 10, the building is in Downing Street, just off Whitehall, in the City of Westminster, London. Stanley Baldwin used the Cabinet Room as his office. 6 Things You Should Know About Chequers, the British Prime Minister's However, it is sometimes used for other purposes that require a large open space. Kent's staircase is the first architectural feature visitors see as they enter Number 10. At the rear is an interior courtyard and a terrace overlooking a .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}12-acre (0.2ha) garden. Although the Downing Street government buildings and grounds are a designated site under the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 for criminal trespass, the street was not included in the boundaries of the designated area.[26]. [29], When Count Bothmer died, ownership of the "House at the Back" reverted to the Crown. Measuring 42 by 26 feet (12.8 by 7.9m), it is the largest room in Number 10. Chequers has been the official country residence of the Prime Minister since 1921. These included: the garden floor, the door and entrance foyer, the stairway, the hallway to the Cabinet Room, the Cabinet Room, the garden and terrace, the Small and Large State Rooms and the three reception rooms. How many he built is not clear; most historians say 15, others say 20. The term "Downing Street" is also used as a metonym for the Prime Minister or the British Government more generally. [87], The current Prime Minister is Rishi Sunak. Downing Street - Wikipedia Behind. Situated off Whitehall, it is 200 metres (660ft) long, and a few minutes' walk from the Houses of Parliament. In this video, you'll learn some cool facts and. The public right of way along Downing Street has not been extinguished nor subject to a gating order and the road retains the status of a public highway maintained by Westminster City Council. 10 Downing Street | Official Residence of UK Prime Minister He worked at Britannica from 2004 to 2018. Any original materials that were beyond repair such as the pair of double columns in the Cabinet Room would be replicated in detail. 10 Downing Street is the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, and not of the Prime Minister. At the entrance, a screen of two pairs of Corinthian columns was erected (to carry the extra span of the ceiling) supporting a moulded entablature that wraps around the room. 10, Downing Street: Official Dining Room, Plate 131: No. Measuring 37 feet (11m) long by 28 feet (8.5m) wide, it takes its name from the twin Ionic pilasters with straight pediments at one end. The double doors behind the table lead to the State Dining Room. The original door was put on display in the Churchill Museum at the Cabinet War Rooms. [82][89] A black iron knocker in the shape of a lion's head is between the two middle panels; below the knocker is a brass letter box with the inscription "First Lord of the Treasury". A note from Lord North to the Office of Works, dated September 1774, asks that the work on the front of the house, "which was begun by a Warrant from the Treasury dated 9 August 1766",[50] be finished. [101][102] At the bottom of the staircase are group photographs of Prime Ministers with their Cabinet ministers and representatives to imperial conferences. Wilson's private secretary wrote "I much regret this further erosion of the Englishman's right to wander at will in Downing Street."[19]. Adjacent to St James's Park, Number 10 is approximately 34 mile (1.2km) from Buckingham Palace, the London residence of the British monarch, and near the Palace of Westminster, the meeting place of both Houses of Parliament. Individual ministerial residences 6 At considerable expense, Buckingham rebuilt the house. When the movement for Irish independence became increasingly violent, it was decided to retain the barriers, which were raised and strengthened. In 1985, Margaret Thatcher said Number 10 had become "one of the most precious jewels in the national heritage". After Prime Minister Robert Peel "gave up" being Chancellor in 1841, and this separation of positions gradually became a convention of the constitution, a locked door was installed between the buildings limiting the Prime Minister's access to the Treasury and its staff. [49] Townshend ordered extensive repairs, which were still incomplete eight years later. [88], Number 10's door is the product of the renovations Charles Townshend ordered in 1766; it was probably not completed until 1772. Nr. It also houses the Prime Minister's Executive Office, which deals with government logistics and diplomacy. Chequers - Wikipedia [33] This small house and the mansion at the back were then incorporated into Number 10. The Thatcher ministry was particularly moved to increase security after the 1979 Assassination of Lord Mountbatten. No longer "fitted with variety Walle fruit and diverse fruit trees" as it was in the 17th century, there is now a centrally located flower bed around a holly tree surrounded by seats. Once used when policemen sat on watch outside in the street, it has an unusual "hood" designed to protect them from the wind and cold and a drawer underneath where hot coals were placed to provide warmth. His secretary, George Downing, who built Downing Street, is thought to have created these changes. Later prime ministers, notably William Pitt the Younger (17831801, 180406), restored its importance and made key enhancements to the structure. [52] In 1783 the Duke of Portland moved out because it was once again in need of repair. In May 2010, it was reported that David Cameron, who also had four small children upon taking office, would also take up actual residence above Number 11, and his Chancellor, George Osborne, above Number 10. A private residence for the prime minister occupies the third floor and there is a kitchen in the basement. The previous year, Knevett had moved into a house next door, approximately where Number 10 is today. The highest ranking civil servant position is the principal private secretary to the prime minister, currently[update] Elizabeth Perelman. The black appearance was the product of two centuries of pollution. [85], The Prime Minister's Office, for which the terms Downing Street and Number 10 are metonymous, lies within the 10 Downing Street building and is part of the Cabinet Office. Pt3: The Dining Room", Plate 130: No. In 1800 the wealth he had accumulated was used to found Downing College, Cambridge, as had been his wish should his descendants fail in the male line. Image details Contributor: RP Photos / Alamy Stock Photo File size: 34.5 MB (1.7 MB Compressed download) Releases: Model - no | Property - no Do I need a release? The prime minister's official residence at 24 Sussex Drive in Ottawa is drafty and leaky, and just about every part of it needs to be repaired. There is one exception. Few of Walpoles immediate successors took similar advantage of the building, however, often donating its use to family members or friends. It became unsafe and frequently required repairs. "The whole project has been a frightful waste of money because it just has not been done properly. Log in . The staircase had sunk several inches; some steps were buckled and the balustrade was out of alignment. History of the "House at the Back" before 1733, First politician and "head of government" in the house, 10 Downing Street and Kent's Treasury Building, Current positions within the Office of the Prime Minister. Blair and Brown's arrangement continued between Brown (at Number 11) and Alistair Darling (at Number 10), and continued in the Cameron ministry (with David Cameron at Number 11 and George Osborne at Number 10) and under the premiership of Theresa May, with Theresa May at Number 11 and Philip Hammond at Number 10.