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School holidays by country in Europe (map) - Jakub Marian's 2 we can see that only a handful of confirmed cases were being reported in weeks 6 and 7 and only after February 20 did the number of (confirmed) cases start increasing rapidly. The map of school holidays around Europe - The Independent ST-LARY VILLAGE 830 ON 27/07/2019 ISSN:1101-1262 (2021). CHAMONIX ON 29/06/2019 Finaly, share your ski passion with our discussion boards, ski magazine and follow live snow conditions and resorts last news. The map shows the number of cumulative cases of Covid-19 per capita (b), and the number of cases in a country relative to the median in that country (c). In the Netherlands, the southern part (week 9 holiday) has been harder hit than the northern week 8 holiday regions. Hence, domestic travel to newly infected regions with school holidays in earlier week(s) may have amplified the impact for regions with breaks in weeks 9 and 10. LUCIE M. The French are still overcome with Brexit schadenfreude Similarly, in a standard epidemiological SIR model, for example, infectious individuals pass on the virus to the susceptible population. Large outbreaks will therefore have long-lasting consequences on community spread, since it may be difficult to capture or suppress the underlying (latent) spread fully. VALLOIRE ON 16/03/2019 If you are a parent living in France, you'll need to mark the school holiday dates in your diary to make holiday plans or childcare arrangements. Show publisher information This page is also available in: The school holidays in the Netherlands are essentially divided into three areas, which we call zones here. Google Scholar. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. The strong degree of regional persistence stresses the need for vigilance and effective vaccinations of the population to avoid further outbreaks. I show that the clustered school holidays during this critical period played a large role in the initial distribution of Covid-19. These are as: Autumn ( Herfstvakantie - one week) Christmas ( Kerstavakanie - two week) Spring ( Voorjaarsvakantie - one week) May holiday ( Meivakantie - one week, usually spread across April/May) Summer ( Zomervakantie - six weeks) Efteling: the Netherlands' leading theme park (Photo: NataliaDeriabina/Getty Images) Looking within Germany, regions with school holidays in weeks 810 have relatively higher number of cases of Covid-19. Overview of school holiday dates 2022-2023 | School holidays School Holidays Germany 2023 - holidays-info.com Baden-Wrttemberg: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Bavaria: North Rhine-Westphalia: Berlin: Rhineland-Palatinate: Brandenburg: Saarland: 1), it strongly suggests that the share of immune individuals is still well below the levels needed to reach herd immunity in both Spain and the rest of Europe during the period of interest. In this paper, I contribute to the understanding of these patterns in the data. Note also that if testing capacity was limited and, for example, regional capacity was reached during March/April this may tend to bias the results downward as the limit would be reached first in the high-exposure areas. To avoid a holiday rush, each region has its own vacation schedule. Given the timeline constructed above, we expect the likelihood of a regional outbreak to vary substantially depending on the week of the school holidays. Public holidays in Greece. Earlier this month it was revealed that half of parents around the UK are prepared to pay an average fine of 210 for taking their children on holiday during term time, according to research. to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. Want to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? Public holidays in Guinea-Bissau. From analyzing genome sequences, some cases of Covid-19 were likely transmitted from Denmark to Sweden in March 20206. L'envoi d'un kit v [Read more], NICOLAS D. Accessed August 22, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1085645/school-summer-holiday-length-in-europe/, European Commission. As a Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic. Overview of school holiday dates 2023-2024 | School holidays Lancet Infect. Source: Figure created by the author using data from Hasell et al.2. Any duration holidays. From the maps in Fig. The second main objective of this paper is to show how initial exposure is still relevant during the fall/winter of 2020. End of term: Thursday 21 December, 2023. Dong, E., Du, H. & Gardner, L. An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in The number of new confirmed cases of Covid-19 in Europe in late February/early March 2020. This could for example be due to better public access to testing in these regions. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. . School holidays | Jet2holidays Murray, E. J. Epidemiologys time of need: COVID-19 calls for epidemic-related economics. Public holidays in Guatemala. The code and data files used for this paper are available23, see the data Appendix A for more information. If youve ever unwittingly booking a ski getaway only to realise that your visit falls during a school holiday period, youll understand the benefit of a bit of prior research. A recent study estimated that over 60% (and up to 90%) of the population would be needed to reach herd-immunity17. Hence, a traveler in week 6, 7, 8 or 9 would only see a limited number of confirmed cases prior to travel (in weeks 5, 6, 7 and 8) but the likelihood of being exposed to Covid-19 would be vastly different. ISSN:01406736 (2020). LA PLAGNE CENTRE ON 25/03/2019 School holidays in Spain differ slightly depending on the region. From Fig. Germany School Holidays 2023 and 2024 - PublicHolidays.de RFI. Source: The data used to create figures (b and c) come from9. List of European festivals and holidays - Eupedia Arrivals, Overnight Stays 2020. http://www.statistik.at/web_en/statistics/Economy/tourism/accommodation/index.html. We see that the number of cases in March is around 60% higher for regions with a school holiday in either week 8, 9 or 10 (compared to regions within the same country with a school holiday in week 7 or before). CNN. Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: A mathematical modelling study. Trs bien. Trs bon travail de toute l'quipe. The same study showed that the majority . Hasell, J. et al. Public holidays in Greenland. RFI. Polln, M. et al. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Note that countries with the same school holiday profile may still experience a variation in the overall level of cases coming in to the country, stemming from the country specific propensity to travel abroad during the school holiday. It is well established that the number of Covid-19 tests varies between countries2. Some countries lump the break in a single week (Belgium in week 9) others stagger the break over multiple weeks (e.g. All collected data is publicly available for free. TIGNES LE LAC ON 13/04/2019 A similar argument applies for week 8, but from a lower base. Germany had homogeneous regional rules for testing20 and good relative initial testing capacity21. FREE CANCELATION UP TO 45 DAYSBEFORE YOUR ARRIVAL. Lessons learnt from easing COVID-19 restrictions: An analysis of countries and regions in Asia Pacific and Europe. https://doi.org/10.2797/678694 (Publications Office of the European Union, 2019). Simplicit de communication, efficacit, clart des informations, parfait, LAURENCE B. Here you can find all the dates and information about the holidays and days off in the calendar for the school year 2022/2023. In addition, we add a country specific dummy (\(CD_c\)) to the regression. Arnarson, B.T. "Each countrys government determines the dates and duration of school holidays," he wrote on his website. EU Public Holidays 2024. From late week 10 and start of week 11 the severity of the pandemic becomes more tangible through, for example several, large (global) stock market declines (March 9th, 11th, 12th and 16th), WHO declared Covid-19 a pandemic and the US travel ban on many European countries (both on March 11th). During this pivotal period, in late February and early March, many European countries had school holidays. French, 126 Grande Rue 74340 SAMOENS Gisco. Netherlands School Holidays 2023 and 2024 - PublicHolidays.nl Comme chaques annes depuis 3 ans rien a dire ils sont lecoute Et font le necaissaires sil y a du changement, FLORIANE G. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. volume11, Articlenumber:24390 (2021) See Appendix B for more information. To view 2023 and 2024 school holiday dates for your state, please choose your state below. In the map, he noted that it was interesting to see how some countries have very long summer breaks and almost no other holidays, while other countries spread their breaks more evenly through the year. We estimate the equation with OLS as before using the same control variables. Lancet Infect. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. However, as long as the share of people that are immune is fairly low, convergence between high- and low exposed areas would only occur gradually. The coefficients in the diagrams have been transformed (\(e(\beta _{1}-1\)) for easier interpretation. Trs bien, bon contact, CELINE L. Le Point.fr. 8 weeks. Saturday 4th Feb 2023 to Sunday 19th Feb 2023. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. UK School Holidays 2023 | Half Term Dates / Holidays - Holiday Extras Locally recruited teachers will start working on the first working day in September, that day being used for the General meeting, extraordinary Class Councils (appeals), testing of pupils etc. Use the European School Holiday Calendar below to plan your stay to avoid the weeks when lots of countries are on winter holidays at once. The combination of the clustered nature (time/space) and exact timing of the school holidays during this period led to a vastly different likelihood of returning travelers transporting the virus back to their local community. This is then cross-referenced with other sources, see data Appendix A. First, I find that having a winter school holidays from late-February (weeks 8, 9 and 10) led to 60% to over 90% higher initial spread of Covid-19 (compared to other regions in the same country). Range of 2-5 star accommodation. European Commission. Start of term: Monday 4 September, 2023. Robert Taylor 16 August 2023 . Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2023, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2023, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. For the first part of the analysis, I use Covid-19 case numbers from 650 regions in 14 European countries. ", European Commission, Length of school summer holidays in selected European countries in 2018/19, in weeks Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1085645/school-summer-holiday-length-in-europe/ (last visited August 22, 2023), Length of school summer holidays in selected European countries in 2018/19, in weeks [Graph], European Commission, September 18, 2019. In this regression we try to explain the number of cases of Covid-19 per NUTS 3 region (ln number of cases) with a single joint dummy variable (break) for regions that have school holidays in weeks 8, 9 or 10. The results therefore suggest that the underlying latent spread is relatively higher in areas that have previously experienced large outbreaks, even when such systematic differences are not visible (e.g. Eurosurveillance 22. Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, Slovakia, Denmark). Statista. Results are transformed as before. Please turn on JavaScript and try again. Regional containment policies would therefore tend to bias the results to zero, and the persistence would therefore be stronger if not for such policies. if(new_langue=="en") document.location.href="https://www.myskistay.com"; ISSN:14733099 (2020). Sub-graphs (c), (b) and (d) show week 8, 9 and 10 dummies (in a single regression without the joint dummy). During winter 2022/23, the busiest periods will be : Christmas/New Year 17/12/22 02/01/23 (all European schools on holiday) J'ai trouv la conseillre charge de mon dossier trs comptente et agrable au tlphone. Additional thanks to Eirkur Ragnarsson, Miriam Wst, Jesper Gregers Linaa and David Tnners for helpful comments. First, by using country specific effects (\(CD_{c}\)) we exploit only regional within-country variation. SERGE L. The Christmas atmosphere takes all its meaning when you are in the moutains.Nevertheless, it is usually not the best time for skiing. Kit vacances super. ISSN:0140-6736, 1474-547X (2020). Belgium, the hardest-hit country in the EU, has a nationwide school holidays in week 9 as well as Stockholm, the badly affected capital of Sweden. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. This is consistent with that extensive containment measures had been in place for a substantial period in the largest countries in the sample (Germany and the Netherlands, see discussion above) and the introduction of other (potentially) more contagious strains which would naturally be unrelated to initial exposure. 4bd. This is consistent with school holidays potentially being important since the breaks in Denmark are mostly in weeks 7/8 while the receiving areas are mostly in northern Sweden (week 10). While the spread of Covid-19 was sporadic and localized in Europe at the beginning of February 2020 the coronavirus was spreading at an alarming rate by the end of the month. https://www.visir.is/g/202021888d (2020). December 20 until January 6th. LES MENUIRES ON 16/03/2019 Hence, areas with high initial exposure (school holiday in week number 9, 10 or 8) are consistently relatively worse hit in the fall and early winter 2020. Primary school students may be granted a short period of time off for 'certain trips, family celebrations or religious holidays'. I run a cross-sectional regression separately for each month (11 regressions) to investigate not only if late school holiday (weeks 8, 9 or 10) were important for the initial exposure, but also persistence over time. Public holidays in Germany. Secondly, I show how the impact of large initial outbreaks still persists in the fall/winter of 2020 even after various efforts to contain the spread of Covid-19. A paid subscription is required for. This is particularly important to account for when evaluating the effectiveness of containment measures or other policies in the spring of 2020. 2023 - 2024 school vacations & holiday dates in the Netherlands - IamExpat Of course, not all Disneyland visitors come from France, but from many different European countries. Natl. Eurydice Facts and Figures. School summer holiday length in Europe 2019 | Statista That's why we made a fair and transparent policy for our websites. Germany introduced a nationwide lockdown light from the beginning of November and a full nationwide lockdown from mid-December. Above we have established that school holidays in weeks 8, 9 and 10 are a strong indicator of large outbreaks of Covid-19 in the spring of 2020. European school holiday data - AMP confirms sole responsibility for all parts of the paper. Thank you for visiting nature.com. The strong degree of persistence highlights the long-term benefits of effective (initial) containment policies, as once a large outbreak has occurred, Covid-19 persists. The results suggest that the school holidays in weeks 8, 9 and 10 were a region-wide super-spreading event. The following map shows the total length of school holidays by country. Start your Independent Premium subscription today. First, we use data that has been collected and harmonized on case counts of Covid-19 at the NUTS 3 level for a number of European countries9. The results are also robust to adding gravity variables related to Ischgl and other related robustness checks. Change your langage Using the school holiday weeks to identify regions with high likelihood of initial exposure is a strength of the study as we can overcome potential problems related to limited initial testing capacity in some countries (importantly not Germany) or in relatively more rural areas. SIRET 53153925200043 APE9319Z ADS The inclusion of these variables controls for the cross-region demographics and importantly variation in population density in terms of number of inhabitants, typology (urban-rural) and geographic size. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. If a range is given instead of a single figure, the duration varies among different regions or different school years within one country. school holidays in United Kingdom, Spain and Italy - dein-dlrp For this reason, we can unfortunately not give an overview of the holiday dates in Great Britain at this point. FR42531539252, Snowboard Week-end lessons Special Deals, Handiski Tuition for Skiers with Special Needs, January Off Piste Ski Camp | Samoens Grand Massif. 4a that despite the apparent disappearance of the initial outbreaks, the impact re-appears after the summer holidays. Eur. Free Child Places for families of 3 or more*. This is in stark contrast with Europe were the GR clade dominates which accounts for a very low share of cases in Northern-America. Almost 2,000 parents with children aged between 4 and 16 were surveyed. School holidays in Europe vary considerably, both within and across countries. Christmas holiday: Friday 22 December . The French are still overcome with Brexit schadenfreude. The German RKI publishes data on the number of cases and Covid-19 related deaths for each NUTS 3 region. To assess if the timing of school holidays is important for the spread of Covid-19, we run a standard OLS regression to estimate Eq. If you have any choice, we do recommend holidaying outside of these dates. Get quick analyses with our professional research service. Estudio ENE-COVID: Cuarta ronda estudio nacional de sero-epidemilogia de infeccion por SARS-COV-2 en Espaa 2020. https://portalcne.isciii.es/enecovid19/informes/informe_cuarta_ronda.pdf. However, we can give an approximate framework: Holiday dates in the UK February half term: 1 week approx. Nevertheless, if you choose to ski in the highest peaks, you will have nice snow. Secondly, even after the apparent containment of Covid-19 over the summer 2020 the same patterns re-emergence and the spread is consistently 3040% and up to 70% higher in the regions with school holidays in weeks 8, 9 and 10. Hence, the patterns persist even after the summer holiday months, when the spread of Covid-19 appeared minimal. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 150+ countries Rev.https://doi.org/10.1515/ger-2020-0063 (2021). Article Note that two large regions, Bavaria (week 9), and Saxony (week 8) went into a stricter lockdown prior to the full lockdown which came into effect on December 16th. CAS Home Family - School Primary school (kindergarten and elementary) What is the calendar of school holidays 2022-2023, 2023-2024, 2024-2025, 2025-2026? You only have access to basic statistics. The school year must consist of 180 working days for pupils (181 in leap years). 1 we can see how countries that had a relatively high number of deaths per capita in the spring are relatively hard hit from the fall. Public holidays in Grenada. away from ski-resorts) and travel to other destinations may become risky at this point. Public awareness of the seriousness prior/during travel was low until late week 10 (early week 11). Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). J. Econ. Nous avons pu apporter des modifications dans soucis. N. Engl. Parfait. To investigate this, we use data from Germany. It will teach you how to avoid mistakes with commas, prepositions, irregular verbs, and much more. 10kg hand luggage included. https://www.rfi.fr/en/france/20200303-coronavirus-france-closes-120-schoolsfirst-case-marseille-morbihan-third-hotspot (2020). As we know, testing strategies vary significantly between countries and the inclusion of a country specific effect accounts for such differences. See Fig. The following holiday dates in the 2022-2023 school year are for basisonderwijs (primary education), speciaal onderwijs (special education) and middelbaar onderwijs (secondary education). I wasnt able to find data for some countries. Swiss holiday schedules. The situation escalated rapidly in Europe from this point, and on March 13th the Director-General of the World Health Organization noted that Europe has now become the epicenter of the pandemic, with more reported cases and deaths than the rest of the world combined, apart from China. Hence, in the short time-span from the 21st of February until the 13th of March, Covid-19 took hold and spread uncontrolled throughout Europe. AP news. Similar evidence is provided from analyzing haplotypes in Denmark and Iceland5,6). To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. School Holidays. These include a categorical variable on urbanization (three categories predominantly urban, intermediate and predominantly rural), population, regional income, area(km sq. Please refresh the page or navigate to another page on the site to be automatically logged inPlease refresh your browser to be logged in, Some countries have very long summer breaks and almost no other holidays, Find your bookmarks in your Independent Premium section, under my profile. Cite this article. All rights reserved. Investigating the broad clades in the GISAID database, we can see that the clade that dominated in a region in the spring 2020 tends to be the largest even after the summer, indicative of persistence. Elsevier. School term dates 2023-24: The holidays in full across England, Wales During the short time window around week 9, the risk of being exposed to Covid-19 during travel was high, while the perceived risk was low. Italian kids enjoy the longest summer holiday in Europe with a generous 13 weeks off, followed by Greece and Portugal with 12 weeks each. ISSN:1560-7917. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.13.30494 (2017). But there are also other school holidays and exceptions. This statistic is not included in your account. One may be worried about regional containment measures impacting these results. Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, Slovakia, Denmark). Contact tracing data from Denmark, Sweden and Norway, provides evidence that the surge of cases in March 2020 was mostly related to traditional winter holiday destinations such as Austria (1150 cases) and Italy4. to Tuesday 3rd January 2023 inclusive. southern-Germany, southern-Netherlands, entire Belgium, Stockholm). 382, 23022315. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. French zone A all schools from Caen, Clermont-Ferrand, Grenoble, Lyon, Montpellier, Nancy-Metz, Nantes, Rennes and Toulouse To help you, here are some "key elements". Learn more about how Statista can support your business. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. This paper uses only publically available data and is conducted in line with the STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies. The first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Spain was associated with early introductions and fast spread of a dominating genetic variant. Naqvi, A. COVID-19 European regional tracker. Whit Monday g. Summer holidays: approx. mySkiStay.com, this is also an information portal dedicated to 100 french ski resorts. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. France closes 120 schools as Morbihan becomes third Covid-19 hotspot. All infants under two go free. We can see from the Fig. A number of hard hit countries/regions started to re-introduce stricter containment policies in September and October. (September 18, 2019). You can even adjust your holiday planning on this information! To summarize, I argue that given the exogeneity of the exact timing of holidays, and controls for observed differences, we are able to infer the role of school holidays on the initial spread of Covid-19. Given the timeline constructed above, we expect the likelihood of a regional outbreak to vary . ST-LARY VILLAGE 830 ON 30/08/2019 and over 1Mio. To investigate if (within-country) regional variation in testing impacts our results, we can use other outcomes which do not rely on public access, such as the number of Covid-19 related deaths. A paid subscription is required for full access. School holidays in the UK: 2022 and 2023 - Expatica 10-15 February Easter holidays: 2 weeks around Easter Summer half term: 1 week in the period from late May to early June Summer holidays: 6 weeks between mid-June and early September October half term: 1 week towards the end of October density, age profile). ISSN:1932-6203. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241405 (2020). School Holidays Europe 2019 and 2020: see all European data Oct 30 - Nov 3. What are the rules on taking kids out of school for a holiday? MANON F. In primary and secondary education in the Netherlands, the dates of school holidays are staggered by region to control peaks in holiday traffic. Christmas holidays. National holidays are often accompanied by fireworks, and sometimes processions and official ceremonies. The geographic and week wise clustering of school holidays increases therefore the likelihood of multiple simultaneous independent cases being introduced into a sub-national area upon return from travel during the school holiday. Above we've listed all the main dates for UK school holidays in 2023, these are the most common dates but it is always worth checking with your local school authority or school as some may operate slightly different dates.